Artificial Intelligence and Philanthropy: The Cybernetics of Philanthropy from 1974 to 2024

Dr. William M. Plater

Dr. William M. Plater
Chancellor’s Professor Emeritus of
Philanthropic Studies, Public Policy, and English

Indiana University Indianapolis

Dr. Genevieve Shaker

Dr. Genevieve Shaker
Donald A. Campbell Chair in Fundraising Leadership
Indiana University Lilly Family School of Philanthropy

Artificial Intelligence and Philanthropy: The Cybernetics of Philanthropy from 1974 to 2024
William M. Plater and Genevieve G. Shaker
Philanthropia, 2024

OpenAI, creator of ChatGPT, was founded as a nonprofit with a mission of ensuring that artificial general intelligence benefits all of humanity. ChatGPT was therefore intended to advance the common good, sharing an underlying principle with philanthropy and the nonprofit organizations it supports. This was not the first association of machine learning with philanthropy, particularly in terms of algorithms designed for control versus those aimed at doing good. In 1974, a white paper by Heinz Von Foerster, a polymath scientist who happened to be president of an important foundation, considered the potential of computer-based feedback systems to improve “giving with a purpose.” A review of his paper served as the impetus for this essay, which explores the antecedents of contemporary predictions regarding the potential of AI to enhance the practice of philanthropy.

William M. Plater, PhD, is Chancellor’s Professor Emeritus of Philanthropic Studies, Public Policy, and English at Indiana University Indianapolis, where he also served Executive Vice Chancellor and Dean of the Faculties. He continues to be engaged with the Lilly Family School of Philanthropy.

Genevieve G. Shaker, PhD, is the Donald A. Campbell Chair in Fundraising Leadership and Professor of Philanthropic Studies at the Indiana University Lilly Family School of Philanthropy. Professor Shaker’s research focuses on fundraising and fundraisers, philanthropy education, and higher education advancement. Emerging research interests include the roles and practices of fundraisers around the world. She is the lead editor of the fifth edition of Achieving Excellence in Fundraising (2022), a key educational resource for the field.

By |2024-12-05T15:03:43-05:00December 5th, 2024|NACC Member Research|

Race in Integrated Data Systems: Why, Wherefrom, and How

Dr. Robert L. Fischer

Dr. Robert L. Fischer
Grace Longwell Coyle Professor in Civil Society
Jack, Joseph, & Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences
Director, Center on Urban Poverty and Community Development
Case Western Reserve University

Race in Integrated Data Systems: Why, Wherefrom, and How
Stephen Steh, Francisca Richter, Robert Fischer, Meagan Ray-Novak, Michael Henderson
International Journal of Population Data Science, 2024

Integrated administrative data systems (IADs) are a powerful resource to implement research and analysis for social policy. While IADs may capture racial identity data from multiple administrative sources, there is no agreed upon criteria for whether and how to synthesize this information in a way that (1) produces knowledge to advance racial equity, while (2) underscoring race as a social construct. This study leverages a county-level IAD to test and analyze an event-table design to represent racial identity that, when informed with historical and community knowledge, may meet both of the aforementioned goals.

The authors illustrate this approach applied to the development of a registry of youth experiencing homelessness, as captured by linked administrative data from vital records, homeless service agencies, schools, food support programs, and other systems. The event table design includes race identity for each person in the registry across all systems included. They develop criteria to inform the hierarchy of one source over another when there are discrepancies in race identity across systems, and when categories for this variable differ across administrative systems. They provide historical and social context behind potential discrepancies and discuss approaches to missing data. Furthermore, they highlight the value of including qualitative knowledge from agency data managers, users, and those represented in the data to inform the synthesis of information around race. Finally, they illustrate how this approach can guide research analysis and contextualize results, thus enhancing the research process and advancing racial equity with IADs.

Robert L. Fischer joined the Mandel School in 2001 as a senior research associate, became an associate professor in the tenure track in 2017, tenured in 2020, and full professor in 2024. He has authored more than 60 peer-reviewed publications and generated more than $15 million in extramural grant funding as principal or co-principal investigator. Dr. Fischer has served as director of the MNO program since 2012 and teaches two courses in the program. He is the lead full-time faculty member teaching in the MNO degree program, and led the work to it being in the inaugural cohort of accredited nonprofit masters programs in 2019.

Additionally, Dr. Fischer served as co-director of the Center on Poverty and Community Development since 2005 and as director since 2022. He has also been an active member of the school’s steering committee, curriculum committee, budget committee, library committee and has served as chair of a standing committee on the faculty senate. He currently serves on the board of trustees of both the St. Lukes Foundation and the Woodruff Foundation in Cleveland. Dr. Fischer has been a generous institution-builder at the Mandel School and CWRU and a frequent contributor to the academy.

By |2024-12-05T15:03:02-05:00December 5th, 2024|NACC Member Research|

Impacts of Zero-Fare Transit Policy on Health and Social Determinants: Protocol for a Natural Experiment Study

Brent Never

Brent Never
Associate Dean, Associate Professor of Public Affairs
Director, Midwest Center for Nonprofit Leadership
Henry W. Bloch School of Management
University of Missouri-Kansas City

Impacts of Zero-Fare Transit Policy on Health and Social Determinants: Protocol for a Natural Experiment Study
Amanda Grimes, Jannette Berkley-Patton, Jenifer E. Allsworth, Joseph S. Lightner, Keith Feldman, Brent Never, Betty M. Drees, Brian E. Saelens, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley, Lauren Fitzpatrick, Carole Bowe Thompson, Madison Pilla, Kacee Ross, Chelsea Steel, Emily Cramer, Eric Rogers, Cindy Baker, Jordan A. Carlson
Frontiers in Public Health, 2024

Population-level efforts are needed to increase levels of physical activity and healthy eating to reduce and manage chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. Interventions to increase public transit use may be one promising strategy, particularly for low-income communities or populations of color who are disproportionately burdened by health disparities and transportation barriers. This study, supported by an NIH grant, employs a natural experiment design to evaluate the impacts of a citywide zero-fare transit policy in Kansas City, Missouri, on ridership and health indicators.

In Aim 1, comparison to 9 similar cities without zero-fare transit is used to examine differential changes in ridership from 3 years before to 4 years after the adoption of zero-fare. In Aim 2, Kansas City residents are being recruited from a large safety net health system to compare health indicators between zero-fare riders and non-riders.

Longitudinal data on BMI, cardiometabolic markers, and economic barriers to health are collected from the electronic health record from 2017 to 2024. Cross-sectional data on healthy eating and device-measured physical activity are collected from a subsample of participants as part of the study procedures (N = 360). Numerous baseline characteristics are collected to account for differences between Kansas City and comparison city bus routes (Aim 1) and between zero-fare riders and non-riders within Kansas City (Aim 2). Evidence on how zero-fare transit shapes population health through mechanisms related to improved economic factors, transportation, physical activity, and healthy eating among low-income groups is expected.

Brent Never (Ph.D., Indiana University) is an Associate Professor of Public Affairs at the Henry W. Bloch School of Management. His research considers the spatial and geographic implications of a decentralized human service system. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial regression methods, he has worked to identify communities underserved by human services. He has also worked to highlight clusters of financially distressed nonprofit organizations, those most likely to go out of business in the near future raising the question as to who is served by financially ‘sick’ human service providers.

Never has served as Visiting Professor in the School of Community Resources & Development at Arizona State University where he conducted research on the continued devolution of human services from government provision to private-sector provision through contracts, vouchers, and grants. He has published in Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, Nonprofit Management & Leadership, Voluntas, Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership & Governance, and Nonprofit Policy Forum. In addition, Never regularly writes for the practitioner audience in the Nonprofit Quarterly.

By |2024-12-05T15:02:10-05:00December 5th, 2024|NACC Member Research|

Critical Praxis and the Social Imaginary for Sustainable Food Systems

Dr. Max O. Stephenson, Jr.

Dr. Max O. Stephenson, Jr.
Professor, Public and International Affairs and
Director, Virginia Tech Institute for Policy and Governance
College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences
Virginia Tech

Critical Praxis and the Social Imaginary for Sustainable Food Systems
Max Stephenson Jr, Kim Niewolny, Laura Zanotti, Anna Erwin
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 2024

This article serves as the introduction and overview for a 14-article special issue of the academic journal Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems entitled “Critical Praxis and the Social Imaginary for Sustainable Food Systems.” According to the authors, Freire’s (1972) concept of critical praxis offers an illuminating frame to reconsider and reframe the epistemological and ontological assumptions and thinking that shape the current food system. His conceptual framework offers analysts a way to approach processes and practices dynamically; that is, in a fashion in which they are not only enacted, but also continuously theorized, evaluated, and reimagined as they evolve. The iterative character of that process highlights the importance of understanding the active operation of power and its implications for individual and collective agency. More importantly, it moves scholars beyond efforts to capture “what is happening” and toward identifying generative ways that interested stakeholders may participate actively in the creation of more just and sustainable food systems.

In the author’s view, this special issue of Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems resulted in a fruitful set of responses to this overarching challenge. As a group, these articles critically engage with various relevant onto-epistemic questions and frameworks. These include, among others, agroecology, regenerative agriculture, Black agrarianism, radical pragmatism, decolonizing strategies, and urban ecology. Collectively, these analyses question the dominant thinking in which today’s food systems are entrenched and highlight perspectives that can help to disrupt the dominant meta-narrative that is today driven foremost by efficiency and technology claims, and to explore policy interventions, justice centered strategies, community-engaged collaborative efforts, and the deep reflexivity that can reveal alternate ways of thinking. The analyses collected here call on food system scholars, practitioners, and policymakers to work actively toward realizing a future in which such structures and processes are ecologically and socially sustainable and equitable for all.

Dr. Max O. Stephenson, Jr. serves as a professor in the Virginia Tech School of Public and International Affairs (SPIA). With a distinguished career in public policy, civil society studies and public administration, he also serves as the Director of the Institute for Policy and Governance in Virginia Tech’s College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences. He holds a Ph.D. in Government and Foreign Affairs from the University of Virginia. Dr. Stephenson’s research interests include civil society, democratic governance and political agency, and social equity and social change, reflected in his extensive publication record and numerous academic contributions. He is recognized for his interdisciplinary approach, integrating constructs from political science, public administration, and community development to address complex social challenges.

By |2024-12-05T15:01:48-05:00December 5th, 2024|NACC Member Research|

Community Representation, COVID-19, and the Challenges of Shifting Grantmaking Power: How a Public LGBTQ+ Foundation Weighed the Options

Elizabeth Dale

Elizabeth J. Dale, Ph.D.
Frey Foundation Chair for Family Philanthropy
Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy
Grand Valley State University

Community Representation, COVID-19, and the Challenges of Shifting Grantmaking Power: How a Public LGBTQ+ Foundation Weighed the Options
Elizabeth J. Dale and Katie Carter
Georgetown University Press, 2024

This chapter, featured in Participatory Grantmaking in Philanthropy: How Democratizing Decision-Making Shifts Power to Communities, discusses how Pride Foundation, a public foundation serving the LGBTQ+ community, rethought its Community Grants Program as part of a broader institutional commitment to racial equity. It details what the transition away from a traditional, application-based grantmaking model looked like in real time during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic and raises important questions for other foundations to answer when aligning their grantmaking with an equity lens. One of those questions is: Under what circumstances should established foundations explore and adopt alternative approaches to grantmaking such as participatory grantmaking and trust-based philanthropy? This chapter discusses how Pride Foundation ultimately adopted a trust-based philanthropy approach, which centers mutually accountable relationships between funders and grantees and shifts power away from funders to consider grantees’ needs.

Elizabeth J. Dale, Ph.D., joined the Johnson Center in September 2024 as the second holder of the Frey Foundation Chair for Family Philanthropy, the world’s first endowed chair for family philanthropy. She previously held a faculty position and directed the Nonprofit Leadership Program at Seattle University and was the Visiting Eileen Lamb O’Gara Fellow in Women’s Philanthropy at Indiana University.

Dr. Dale has authored or co-authored more than 20 publications and reports for both scholarly and practitioner audiences, which have been published in Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, Journal of Philanthropy and Marketing, Voluntary Sector Review, The Foundation Review, Philanthropy and Education, and several prominent edited volumes. Her scholarship has focused on social justice philanthropy, women’s giving and giving to women’s and girls’ causes, LGBTQ+ philanthropy, and couples’ charitable giving, as well as gender and the fundraising profession. Ultimately, Dr. Dale seeks to understand the power and potential of philanthropy, the role of identity in giving, and the role of philanthropy in contributing to a more just, equitable, and inclusive society.

By |2024-12-05T14:57:56-05:00December 5th, 2024|NACC Member Research|

Who Will Spare a Dime? Impulse Giving Decisions at the Checkout

Dr. Ruth K. Hansen

Dr. Ruth K. Hansen
Assistant Professor, Nonprofit Management
Director, Institute for Nonprofit Management Studies
College of Business and Economics
University of Wisconsin-Whitewater

Who Will Spare a Dime? Impulse Giving Decisions at the Checkout
Lauren Dula (Binghamton University, SUNY) and Ruth K. Hansen
Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs, 2024

Campaigns asking for donations at the checkout of retail stores through rounding-up, donating an amount, or purchasing a token are becoming ubiquitous. The concept of “checkout charity” is really one of impulse giving, i.e., a prosocial activity done under time constraints. Industry reports inform us how much money the corporate campaigns are generating, but we have yet to develop a philanthropic profile of an “impulse giver” or compare them with traditional donors. Using the social heuristics hypothesis, this research helps us to better understand impulse giving and the individuals who engage in it. Women, the middle class, and those who are married or divorced were all more likely to give at the register. In contrast with formal giving, education levels had little relation to giving, and those approaching and over 50 years old were less likely to give. Familiarity with the charity and being Black or African-American correlate with greater amounts donated.

Ruth K. Hansen, PhD, is an assistant professor at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater’s College of Business and Economics, and director of the Institute for Nonprofit Management Studies. She teaches classes in nonprofit organizations, fundraising, organizational behavior, and research methods. Her research focuses on the theory and practice of fundraising, and equity and inclusion in resource mobilization. Dr. Hansen has more than 20 years’ professional experience as a fundraiser, and is a former board member of AFP-Chicago. Recent publications include “Sector theorists should consider how social values determine unmet needs,” with Gregory Witkowski, published in the volume Reimagining Nonprofits: Sector Theory in the Twenty-First Century (2024), edited by Eva Witesman and Curtis Child, and “Who will spare a dime? Impulse giving decisions at the checkout” with Lauren Dula, in the Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs. Her article with Lesley Alborough, “Reframing fundraising research: The challenges and opportunities of interpretivist research practices and practitioner researchers in fundraising studies” was a 2023 Journal of Philanthropy and Marketing Editors’ Choice. She is honored to be recognized with her colleague Dr. Lauren Dula as a 2024 AFP Early Career Emerging Scholar for their research on philanthropy and fundraising.

By |2024-12-09T09:09:52-05:00December 5th, 2024|NACC Member Research|

Handbook of Critical Perspectives on Nonprofit Organizing and Voluntary Action

Roseanne M. Mirabella, PhD

Roseanne M. Mirabella, PhD
Associate Professor
College of Business and Public Management
Kean University

Angela M. Eikenberry

Angela M. Eikenberry, PhD
Professor and School Director
School of Public Policy
College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
University of Connecticut

Angela R. Logan, PhD

Angela R. Logan, PhD
NACC President
St. Andre Bessette Academic Director
Master of Nonprofit Administration
Associate Teaching Professor
Mendoza College of Business
University of Notre Dame

Heather Carpenter, PhD

Heather Carpenter, PhD
Executive Director
Institute for Nonprofit Administration & Research

Associate Professor, College of Arts and Sciences
Louisiana State University Shreveport

Elizabeth J. Dale, PhD

Elizabeth J. Dale, PhD
Director and Associate Professor
Nonprofit Leadership
Seattle University

Kate Prendella

Katherine Prendella
Doctoral Student
School of Communication and Information
Rutgers-New Brunswick

Handbook of Critical Perspectives on Nonprofit Organizing and Voluntary Action: Concepts, Applications, and Future Directions
Eds. Roseanne M. Mirabella (Kean University, US), Tracey M. Coule (Sheffield Hallam University, UK), and Angela M. Eikenberry (University of Connecticut, US)
Edward Elgar Publishing, 2024

In August 2024, Edward Elgar Publishing released the Handbook of Critical Perspectives on Nonprofit Organizing and Voluntary Action, edited by Roseanne M. Mirabella (Kean University) and Angela M. Eikenberry (University of  Connecticut), alongside numerous contributors, including NACC member representatives Angela R. Logan (NACC President), Heather Carpenter, and Elizabeth J. Dale. (For a full list of editors and contributors, click here).

This insightful Handbook brings together leading and emerging scholars within the field of nonprofit organization, serving as a call to action for academics to interrogate key contemporary issues such as backsliding and authoritarianism. It meticulously distinguishes traditional, often marginalist perspectives from nuanced counterarguments to balance out the field.

The Handbook of Critical Perspectives on Nonprofit Organizing and Voluntary Action illustrates opportunities and challenges for future researchers within the sector and presses the reader to imagine a better, more equitable future. Chapters employ a variety of vital theoretical lenses, for example utilizing postcolonial theory, critical feminist theory, queer theory, critical disability theory and post-structural theory. They provide a timely, inter-contextual narration of the many roles enacted by nonprofit and voluntary organizations today.

Approaching nonprofit organizing as an ever-expanding topic, this crucial Handbook will be an important read for scholars of critical management studies, public administration, and public policy. It will additionally benefit researchers within the philanthropic studies field hoping to gain insight into the future of their discipline.

Below, we feature chapters from the volume authored by some of our NACC member representatives, highlighting their contributions to this publication. We would also like to share that in addition to editing the volume, Dr. Mirabella also co-authored a chapter, “Neocolonialism’s Perpetuation of Institutional Life of Disabled Individuals through the Rhetoric of Philanthropy and Charity,” with her daughter, Katherine Prendella (Doctoral Student, Rutgers-New Brunswick).

The Nature of Critical Global Civil Society Scholarship: Reviewing the State of the Art 1972-2021
Angela M. Eikenberry, Jennifer Dodge, and Tracey M. Coule

This chapter examines global civil society scholarship published in three key field journals—Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, Nonprofit Management and Leadership, and Voluntas—with particular attention to the most critical work originating from or focusing on countries outside the more commonly studied (“Western,” white) Anglosphere and European context. The 65 articles identified converge around two major areas: problematizing meanings of civil society concepts and practices, and problematizing assumptions about relationships. Within these themes, scholars emphasize the importance of context and political economy; societal transformation and development, democratization, and emancipation; and debates about what is the best way to study civil society in ways that uphold epistemic justice —a global South-informed unified approach, or a more contextualized country or region approach. Finally, it is noted that articles still seemed limited in their use of epistemologies and theories from parts of the world outside of the Anglosphere and Europe.

Decolonizing Nonprofit, NGO, and Development Higher Education: Valuing Indigenous Knowledge in the Majority World
Roseanne M. Mirabella, Heather Carpenter, and Ibrahim Shafau

This chapter challenges the hegemony of the Minority World over higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Minority World and proposes recommendations to decommodify higher education, refocus curricula and pedagogical approaches to challenge global inequities and neocolonial domination, empower communities to resist hegemonic discourses, and remove the veil of cultural blindness. By reviewing the major influences on HEIs generally and the application of these discourses in the case of nonprofit and nongovernmental organization education particularly, the authors highlight the ways in which future nonprofit and nongovernmental organization leaders are steeped in the language of development, development theory, and development studies, further solidifying the grip of the Minority World on the Majority World. They provide alternative structures and processes to challenge and reconfigure Minority World hegemonic practices underscoring the value of alternative frames that prioritize voices, perspectives, and understandings of stakeholders from the Majority World.

The Racialization of Philanthropic and Nonprofit Organizations: A Critical Analysis of White Supremacy and Economic Injustice in the Sector
Angela R. Logan and Maureen Emerson Feit

Philanthropic organizations, and the nonprofits that rely on philanthropic giving, are built upon a vast and persistent racial wealth gap in the United States. In this chapter, the authors call for intentional and sustained attention to intersections of race and class in the dynamics between organized philanthropy and nonprofit organizations. Combining scholarship on elite philanthropy with critical theories of structural racism, they argue that systems of unearned white advantage have simultaneously fueled organized philanthropy and muted the philanthropic contributions of communities of color. They examine how interactions between organized philanthropy and nonprofits facilitate the racialization of these organizations as spaces that center the interests of white donors and encourage the reproduction and reinforcement of racial inequality in core functions of nonprofits. Finally, they consider the implications of the perpetuation of white supremacy in the sector and offer avenues for transformation in policy, research, and practice.

Burn it to the Ground: Queer Theory, (Hetero)normativities, and Binaries in Nonprofit Organizations
Seth J. Meyer, Elizabeth J. Dale, and Kareem K. M. Willis

In this chapter the authors use queer theory, a critical theory that questions heteronormative understandings of society, to challenge normalized definitions and concepts in nonprofit organizations. They advance alternative and arguably more emancipatory interpretations of nonprofit organizations by ‘queering’ some of the traditional binaries that structure how we organize and operate nonprofit organizations and their work. They begin by queering the definition of what constitutes a nonprofit organization and discuss how compulsory heterosexuality manifests in organizations. They critically investigate four binaries, including the relationship between donors and beneficiaries, funders and grantors, employees and clients, and the organization and community, and argue for more fluid, power-sharing relationships. Throughout their analysis, they show how queer theory can be integrated into nonprofit scholarship and generate new questions with which to investigate the nonprofit sector.

Neocolonialism’s Perpetuation of Institutional Life of Disabled Individuals through the Rhetoric of Philanthropy and Charity
Kate Prendella and Roseanne M. Mirabella

This chapter utilizes critical disability theory, voluntourism studies, and neocolonial theory to discuss how the actions of philanthropists and nonprofit organizations from the Minority World have perpetuated the global marginalization and displacement of children, particularly disabled children. Tying the resurgence of orphanages to recolonization, the authors explore the role of these neoliberal institutions as sites of violence towards and control of disabled bodies. They explore the ways in which the charity rhetoric of disability popularized through media intersects with and abets the orphanage industrial complex supported by and dependent upon voluntourism, describing the ways in which the orphan tourism industry depends upon the exploitation of children to fuel its financial needs. Recognizing the toll that this system exacts on children, particularly children with disabilities, they end with a call for recognition and action to challenge and demolish this system of oppression and stigmatization centering the needs of children in this discourse.

Roseanne M. Mirabella, Ph.D. is member of the faculty of the College of Business and Public Management at Kean University. She conducts research on philanthropy and nonprofit and nongovernmental education and critical perspectives on nonprofit organizing. She has authored or co-authored many papers on nonprofit and nongovernment organization education and one co-edited book “Reframing Nonprofit Organizations: Democracy, Inclusion and Social Change” exploring the ways in which nonprofit management education programs can prepare students both to lead organizations as well as for their important role as advocates for the communities they serve. She is co-editor of the recently published Handbook of Critical Perspectives on Nonprofit Organizing and Voluntary Action one of the first major surveys of critical scholarship within the field. She is past President of ARNOVA and the New Jersey Chapter of the American Society for Public Administration (ASPA) and is currently a member of the leadership team of the Critical Perspectives Section of ARNOVA.

Dr. Angela M. Eikenberry is Professor and Director in the School of Public Policy (SPP) at the University of Connecticut. Her research focuses on the social, economic and political roles of philanthropy, voluntary associations, and nonprofit organizations in democratic governance. Empirical and theoretical areas of research include giving circles and collaborative giving, marketization of nonprofit organizations and philanthropy, social enterprise, democracy and social equity/justice areas related to nonprofits/philanthropy, and critical social theories.

Dr. Eikenberry’s work appears in dozens of peer-reviewed books, journal articles and book chapters and has been featured on NPR’s All Things Considered and The Takeaway, and in the Stanford Social Innovation Review. Her book, Giving Circles: Philanthropy, Voluntary Association, Democracy won CASE’s John Grenzebach Research Award for Outstanding Research in Philanthropy. She also received a Fulbright Scholar Award to conduct research on giving circles in the UK, the University of Nebraska at Omaha campus-wide Awards for Distinguished Research or Creative Activity and Outstanding Graduate Mentor, and the 2023 NVSQ Best Paper Award. She is past President of the Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action (ARNOVA) and a fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration.

Before coming to UConn SPP, Dr. Eikenberry was a Professor serving in several leadership positions at the University of Nebraska at Omaha, including as Chair of the School of Public Administration doctoral program and President and Grievance Officer of the UNO AAUP. She also helped found and run the nonprofit organization, Mode Shift Omaha.

Angela R. Logan, Ph.D. is an Associate Teaching Professor and the St. Andre Bessette Academic Director of the Master of Nonprofit Administration in the Mendoza College of Business at the University of Notre Dame. In her role as Academic Director, she provides leadership to the team that oversees both formats of the Master of Nonprofit Administration degree, and as a member of the College’s Department of Management and Organization, she teaches core courses for both programs as well. Professor Logan’s honors and distinctions include the inaugural Notre Dame Faculty Black Excellence Award (2023) and the MNAR Outstanding Professor Award (2023). Prior to joining the College in 2013, Angela has over 25 years of experience in higher education and philanthropy, with a particular focus in the areas of education and diversity. Over the course of her career, she has served as the Program Officer for Education at The Harvest Foundation (Martinsville, VA), the Director of the Bonner Scholars Program at Oberlin College (Oberlin, OH), and the Director of Multicultural Affairs and the Admissions Counselor / Coordinator of Multicultural Admissions at Defiance College (Defiance, OH). Her research focuses on the intersection of gender, race, faith, and nonprofit and philanthropic leadership.

Dr. Heather Carpenter is a highly networked nonprofit professor, researcher, consultant, and trainer passionate about nonprofit capacity building and talent development. She has served as a nonprofit professor and academic program director for over ten years and a nonprofit leader for over 20 years. She serves as Executive Director of the Institute for Nonprofit Administration and Research at LSU Shreveport. INAR’s mission is to conduct research and disseminate knowledge about nonprofit organizations. It has three programmatic areas: academics, professional development, and research.

She has published numerous academic journal articles and books. She previously served as co-editor and chief of the Journal of Nonprofit Education and Leadership was on the board of the Nonprofit Academic Centers Council the national accrediting body for nonprofit academic degree programs from 2017-2023. In 2022, the Nonprofit Times selected Dr. Carpenter as a Top 50 Power and Influence Nonprofit Leader.

Dr. Carpenter is a lifetime member of Girl Scouts, active in the Downtown Shreveport Rotary Club, and serves on the advisory committee for the Greater Shreveport Chamber of Commerce Leadership Program. She was recently named to the Volunteer Louisiana Commission by the Governor, the state service commission that has a mission to “Strength Louisiana communities through volunteerism and national service.” Her husband is a Navy Veteran and Captain at Spirit Airlines, and they have a 13-year-old daughter.

She earned her Ph.D. in Leadership Studies with an emphasis on Nonprofit and Philanthropic Leadership from the University of San Diego and a Master of Management in Nonprofit Administration from North Park University in Chicago, Illinois.

Elizabeth J. Dale, Ph.D. is program director and associate professor in Nonprofit Leadership at Seattle University. A former development director and Certified Fund Raising Executive (CFRE), her research interests include social justice philanthropy, giving among women and LGBTQ+ donors, and the intersection of gender and philanthropy. She has presented her research nationally and internationally and has provided commentary for The New York Times, Forbes, Bloomberg, The Chronicle of Philanthropy, and The Guardian. She completed her Ph.D. in Philanthropic Studies at the Indiana University Lilly Family School of Philanthropy. She also holds a bachelor’s degree in journalism and women’s and gender studies from Ohio Wesleyan University and a master’s degree in women’s studies from The Ohio State University.

By |2024-10-17T09:58:32-04:00October 10th, 2024|NACC Member Research|

Nice Data, Now Show Me the Human Story Behind These Numbers!

Reynold V. Galope, PhD, MPP

Reynold V. Galope, PhD, MPP
2023-2024 American Evaluation Association (AEA) MSI Fellow
Associate Professor of Public and Nonprofit Administration
MPNA/MPA/MNLM Graduate Program Director
College of Community Studies and Public Affairs
Metropolitan State University

Nice Data, Now Show Me the Human Story Behind These Numbers!
Reynold V. Galope, PhD, MPP
AEA365 blog post, 2024

Can data alone tell the complete story of a program’s impact? In his recent AEA365 blog post, “Nice Data, Now Show Me the Human Story Behind These Numbers!”, Dr. Reynold Galope challenges evaluators to think critically about the relationship between quantitative data and the lived experiences of program participants. He reflects on how his approach to program evaluation has evolved, particularly through his engagement with Culturally Responsive and Equitable Evaluation (CREE), where the limitations of numbers are often brought into sharp focus.

Dr. Galope emphasizes that while data such as Average Treatment Effects (ATE) are valuable, they can mask disparities and fail to capture the complex, intersecting identities of program beneficiaries. To truly understand a program’s effectiveness, evaluators must go beyond the numbers and delve into the stories and experiences of the people behind them. This human-centered approach allows for deeper insights into program mechanisms and outcomes, providing a more holistic understanding of how well a program serves diverse communities. Dr. Galope’s blog encourages readers to reconsider traditional methods of evaluation and adopt a more inclusive perspective.

More about the AEA MSI Fellowship

The American Evaluation Association’s (AEA) MSI Fellowship is designed to bring together faculty from Minority Serving Institutions (MSIs) for professional development, networking, and training in evaluation and research. The program seeks to increase participation from underrepresented groups in the evaluation field, offering participants workshops, webinars, and mentoring to broaden their understanding of evaluation as a profession. Additionally, the fellowship aims to enhance evaluation activities at MSIs, orient students to evaluation careers, and encourage cross-disciplinary collaboration and writing. For more details, visit AEA MSI Fellowship.

More about Culturally Responsive and Equitable Evaluation (CREE)

Culturally responsive and equitable evaluation (CREE) requires the integration of diversity, inclusion, and equity in all phases of evaluation. CREE incorporates cultural, structural, and contextual factors (e.g., historical, social, economic, racial, ethnic, gender) using a participatory process that shifts power to individuals most impacted. CREE is not just one method of evaluation, it is an approach that should be infused into all evaluation methodologies. CREE advances equity by informing strategy, program improvement, decision-making, policy formation, and change.

Rey Galope is an Associate Professor in the College of Community Studies and Public Affairs (CCSPA) at Metropolitan State University (Saint Paul, MN), where he teaches program evaluation, policy analysis, economic reasoning, and applied research methods and statistics to public and nonprofit professionals, including data and policy analysts, program evaluators, and social change advocates.

Rey received his Ph.D. in Public Policy from Georgia State University (Andrew Young School of Policy Studies) and the Georgia Institute of Technology (School of Public Policy) as a Fulbright Scholar and his Master of Public Policy (MPP) from the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy of the National University of Singapore (NUS) as a Temasek Scholar. His graduate training in econometrics and quantitative methods influenced much of his prior program evaluation work. His evaluation of the certification and additionality effects of the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program, a federal program that co-finances R&D with promising small businesses, used propensity score matching to improve homogeneity between treated and untreated groups, and his most recent work investigating the impact of online teaching on student learning exploited a natural experiment to make the ignorability of treatment assignment assumption more plausible.

By |2024-10-10T16:31:42-04:00October 10th, 2024|NACC Member Research|

Why Do Some Academic Articles Receive More Citations from Policy Communities?

Dr. Ji Ma

Dr. Ji Ma
Assistant Professor in Philanthropic and Nonprofit Studies
RGK Center for Philanthropy and Community Service
LBJ School of Public Affairs
The University of Texas at Austin

Why Do Some Academic Articles Receive More Citations from Policy Communities?
Dr. Ji Ma and Yuan (Daniel) Cheng
Public Administration Review, 2024

In this article, the authors (1) present the landscape of the citations of Public Administration and Policy (PAP) scholarly articles in policy documents and (2) examine influencing factors along three dimensions: collaborative teams, cross-disciplinary interactions, and disruptive paradigms. Using data from the 30 most-cited PAP peer-reviewed journals and 38,062 documents from 1107 policy institutions, they find that 10.1% of all PAP scholarship receives high citations from both academics and policy communities. Collaborative teams, cross-disciplinary interactions, and disruptive paradigms can all increase the citations within policy communities, yet the relationships are not linear. Nonacademic authors can consistently attract more policy citations, whether publishing alone or collaborating with academics. According to the paper’s abstract, an article should ideally cite no more than 13 disciplinary subjects. No significant trade-off between scholarly and policy impact as scholarly citations and the academic reputation of authors often translate into policy citations. These findings offer novel and concrete insights into optimizing academic research for policy impact.

Dr. Ji Ma focuses on the nonprofit sector and data science. He studies why and how social relation matters in social and economic behaviors. His research interests include: impact of social relation on social, political, and economic behaviors; education and knowledge production in nonprofit and philanthropic studies; open data in policy studies; computational social science research methods.

Ji has a Ph.D. in Philanthropic Studies at Indiana University Lilly Family School of Philanthropy, with a Ph.D. minor in Data Science at IU School of Informatics and Computing. Before joining LBJ School, he worked at the Institute for Quantitative Social Science at Harvard as Research Fellow. Ji has received numerous national and international awards, including Ford Foundation China Fellowship, Emerging Scholar Award from the Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action, and Penn Summer Doctoral Fellows from the University of Pennsylvania. He also has a diverse industrial experience: he was a social entrepreneur, a consultant of business management, and a journalist.

By |2024-10-10T15:16:50-04:00October 10th, 2024|NACC Member Research|

Core Values in Public Administration and Policy: Three Levels of Evaluation in the Public Sector

Emily Brandt, PhD

Emily Brandt, PhD
Adjunct Professor
The University of Texas at Arlington
Program Manager, Business Development

Center for European Policy Analysis

Core Values in Public Administration and Policy: Three Levels of Evaluation in the Public Sector
Dissertation, Doctor of Philosophy in Public and Urban Administration, Summer 2024

This dissertation is composed of three separate but interrelated papers that examine the role of core values in public administration and public policy and how they show up at the societal, bureaucratic, and individual levels to inform the identification of the use of values, engaging proper awareness of how these values impact public sector actions, and how individuals can engage the right values frameworks in the face of conflict in various public and public service contexts. The first paper takes a societal look at core values via a systemic literature review on American morality policies; policies that inspire great debate not because of their intrinsic value, logically based reasoning, or data-informed decisions, but instead focus on the symbolic messages these policies convey to a polity about what core values are held in higher esteem by a society. The second paper analyzes where bureaucrats believe the locus of ultimate responsibility for change lies after they publicly contest a policy’s enforcement, compliance, or regulation on the grounds of moral and ethical considerations. Finally, the third paper proposes a conceptual definitional framework of morally conscious decision-making; a concept that can be used by individual public administrators to make values-based decisions when facing a dilemma, to ensure moral engagement in public sector work. Together these three papers help illustrate the influence of core values on public policy and administrative issues.

Emily Brandt is an adjunct professor at University of Texas at Arlington and a Program Manager at the Center for European Policy Analysis. She recently completed her doctoral degree in Public Policy and Public Administration from the University of Texas at Arlington, and previously earned her Master’s Degree from the University of North Texas in International Studies. She has spent the past 10 years working at international development nonprofits on programs focused on promoting democracy, human rights, and governance primarily in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Her work has been published in Administration and Society, and she has two forthcoming articles exploring bureaucratic objection in the media and codifying societal values in public policy.

Dissertation Advisors

  • First Advisor: Alejandro Rodriguez, PhD
  • Second Advisor: Emily Nwakpuda, PhD
  • Third Advisor: Karabi Bezboruah, PhD
By |2024-08-26T13:09:56-04:00August 26th, 2024|NACC Member Research|
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